A major landmark study to be published reveals that global immunization efforts have saved an estimated 154 million lives – or the equivalent of 6 lives every minute of every year – over the past 50 years. The vast majority of lives saved – 101 million – were those of infants.

The study, led by the World Health Organization (WHO), shows that immunization is the single greatest contribution of any health intervention to ensuring babies not only see their first birthdays but continue leading healthy lives into adulthood.

Of the vaccines included in the study, the measles vaccination had the most significant impact on reducing infant mortality, accounting for 60% of the lives saved due to immunization. This vaccine will likely remain the top contributor to preventing deaths in the future.

Source – ht tps://www.who.int/news/item/24-04-2024-global-imm

Get CLAT Online Coaching!

Passage 2

The Supreme Court has declined to receive an application by the Centre to allow the administrative allocation of spectrum.

The Registrar found the application for clarification misconceived. Spectrum, a scarce natural resource, is allocated to private players only through open, transparent auction. The law was laid down on this issue by the Supreme Court 12 years ago in the 2G spectrum judgment.

‘Administrative allocation’ of spectrum would have government in sole charge of selecting operators to distribute airwaves, considered a scarce resource.

Source- https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/supreme-court-declin

6th MAY 2024

First Name

Passage 1

1. The landmark study was published by which of this?

A. The Lancet

B. Moody’s

C. Reuters

D. John Wileys

2. The report was released on World Immunization week, celebrated on which of this?

A. First week of May

B. last week of April

C. 26 April- 2 May

D. 29 April – 4 May

3. "Vaccines are among the most powerful inventions in history, making once-feared diseases preventable,” said WHO Director-General?

A. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus

B. Halfdan T. Mahler

C. Hiroshi Nakajima

D. Gro Harlem Brundtland

4. The report was released ahead of the anniversary of the Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) to take place in May 2024. The EPI was founded in ____ by the World Health Assembly

A. 1968

B. 1971

C. 1974

D. 1978

5. Which of this is incorrect?

A. EPI's original goal was to vaccinate all children against diphtheria, measles, pertussis, polio, tetanus, tuberculosis, as well as smallpox, the only human disease ever eradicated.

B. It includes universal recommendations to vaccinate against 13 diseases, and context-specific recommendations for another 17 diseases, extending the reach of immunisation beyond children, to adolescents and adults.

C. None

D. Both

Passage 2

6. The Registrar found the application for clarification to be misconceived, the Registrar invoked Order XV Rule 5 of the Supreme Court Rules, 2013, which allows refusal to receive a petition if it which of this?

A. Lacks reasonable cause

B. Frivolous

C. Contains scandalous matter

D. Any

7. SC asserted that spectrum allocation to private players must be through open and transparent auction, as established by which landmark judgment?

A. 3G case

B. Spectrum Collusion 6TPX Case

C. 2G Spectrum Case

D. I-Pat Spectrum Co. Case

8. Which of this is incorrect about Spectrum?

A. Spectrum is the radio frequencies that wireless signals use to travel, allowing users to make calls and use social media.

B. Spectrum is part of the electromagnetic spectrum, which also includes other frequencies that people interact with daily.

C. Spectrum can be divided into three bands: low (used for mobile communication, including 2G, 3G, and 4G services), mid (utilised for 4G LTE services and some 5G deployments), and high-band (primarily used for 5G and beyond), each with different characteristics and essential for different types of communication.

D. None

9. The Union government cites observations from a Constitution Bench regarding a Presidential reference made concerning the 2012 verdict. Article ___ of the Indian Constitution empowers the President to refer any matter of law or fact to the Supreme Court for its opinion.

A. 142

B. 143

C. 144

D. 145

10. With reference to Visible Light Communication (VLC) technology, which of the following statements are correct? 1. VLC uses electromagnetic spectrum wavelengths 375 to 780 nm. 2. VLC is known as long-range optical wireless communication. 3. VLC can transmit large amounts of data faster than Bluetooth. 4. VLC has no electromagnetic interference. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

A. 1, 2 and 3 only

B. 1, 2 and 4 only

C. 1, 3 and 4 only

D. 2, 3 and 4 only